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Explanation

Causing failures and finding defects is named among the typical test objectives. Improving processes so that fewer defects arise is the preventive, process-oriented approach of quality assurance; analysing the causes of a failure and eliminating them is debugging, which the syllabus calls a non-testing activity; and the first testing principle states that testing cannot prove the absence of defects.

Why each option

1. Improving processes preventively is quality assurance, not a test objective.
2. Correct. causing failures and finding defects is a named typical test objective.
3. Finding, analysing and eliminating a failure's causes is debugging, a non-testing activity.
4. Testing shows the presence, not the absence, of defects; it cannot prove correctness.